위스마트학원 (WE ARE SMART)

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Do you remember your mom taking you to a doctor's office? The doctor decided to give you some medicine. She rolled up your sleeves and gave you a shot in the upper arm. That hurt, didn't it? What if a shot given in the arm didn't hurt? Well, maybe in the future, it won't. Some scientists have been studying how the lowly mosquito is able to bite us without us knowing. When they figure out the secrets, the doctor's shot might become a painless procedure. This is what "biomimetics" is about.

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People who study biomimetics look to solve human problems by copying how nature does it. It might sound complicated, but it is much easier once you understand. Let's look at some examples of biomimetics we see today or will see in the near future.

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Termites are simple creatures, but when they work together, they can build incredible natural structures. Some termite mounds can reach 7 meters in height. They even go 3 meters underground. There is another amazing fact about termite mounds: even though the temperature outside can vary from 40 degrees Celsius during the day to 1 degree Celsius at night, it is always about 30 degrees Celsius inside. Termite mounds are built in a way that hot air rises out and cool air comes in through the bottom. Inspired by termite mounds, Mike Pearce, an African architect, constructed a building in Zimbabwe and another in Australia using the same passive cooling techniques. These buildings were 10% cheaper to build because less money was spent on air moving equipment, and this design reduced cooling energy costs by 35%. Now that's a cool idea!

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If you look at an airplane's wings, you can sometimes see that the tips are turned upwards. These are called "winglets" and they may look neat, but they have measurable benefits. When engineers studied birds, they observed that birds' wings have tips that turned up in flight. They found that the tips smooth the flow of air, which helps them conserve energy when flying. The engineers thought that if it worked for birds, why not for airplanes? The end result is that the airplane winglets help keep planes smaller, saving about 10% in fuel costs. This is beneficial not just for the environment but for passengers' wallets, too.

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Sea urchins may be eaten in some parts of the world, but they can also damage parts of the sea environment with their bony mouths. A sea urchin mouth looks a lot like a five-fingered claw you might see while trying to pick up prizes at the arcade. This design is surprisingly efficient at grabbing and grinding. The efficiency of this natural design is now being tested for incorporation into missions in space. When small robots are sent to another planet to collect soil samples, the standard method is to use something inefficient like a small shovel. By copying the design of a sea urchin mouth, scientists believe it will be easier to collect samples. Amazingly, a design developed naturally in the deep sea may soon be seen in deep space.

지금빈칸-30B
Radioactive waste disposal has become one of the key environmental battlegrounds over which the future of nuclear power has been fought. Environmentalists argue that no system of waste disposal can be absolutely safe, either now or in the future. Governments and the nuclear industry have tried to find acceptable solutions. But in countries where popular opinion is taken into consideration, no mutually acceptable solution has been found. As a result, most spent fuel has been stored in the nuclear power plants where it was produced. This is now causing its own problems as storage ponds designed to store a few years' waste become filled or overflowing. One avenue that has been explored is the reprocessing of spent fuel to remove the active ingredients. Some of the recovered material can be recycled as fuel. The remainder must be stored safely until it has become inactive. But reprocessing has proved expensive and can exacerbate the problem of disposal rather than assisting it. As a result, it too appears publicly unacceptable.

지금빈칸-301
Works of art are complex and valued human achievements capable of providing knowledge, aesthetic experience, and enjoyment. They also can provide occasions for thought-provoking encounters into problems and concerns affecting individuals and society. Unfortunately, too many students grow into adulthood unable to understand what they see in works of art. While it is true that most schoolchildren are not likely to become professional artists or scholars of the arts, my purpose in examining the cognitive implications of education in the arts is to see how or whether individuals can develop their powers of thought more fully through widening their understanding of art and the ideas one encounters in the study of art. The educational task is to build a foundation for lifelong learning inclusive of the arts.

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Beliefs represent man's conviction about the reality of things and are shared ideas about how the world operates. They are reflective of highly valued feelings about the world in which people live. Beliefs, like superstitions, folklore, myths, fables, proverbs, philosophy, theology, art and science, are usually incorporated in the whole vast body of knowledge while accumulated through time. These ideas aren't scientifically proven, and they are considered facts by those who hold them. The ideas held by the Negritos about nature spirits helping them in times of danger or sickness is just as regulative as the belief of the reliance of the Tagbanwa on the digging stick for tilling the soil for a good harvest. Even with advances in science, people still consider, consult, and depend on their body of beliefs for certain courses of action.

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People shouldn't ignore or trivialize the very real problems that things such as unwed parenthood or divorce can create. On the whole, children usually do better with two parents than one. But at the same time, people shouldn't condemn single mothers, divorced parents, or voluntarily childless couples as the culprits behind the destruction of society. Some unwed parents avoid their parental responsibilities, but others do a splendid job in raising their children. Some divorces do irrevocable harm, but others create better situations for everyone involved. Some married couples do decide not to have children for selfish reasons, but others are motivated by a real concern for society and find other ways to contribute to its perpetuation. In short, there is no formula that can predict which family forms are most likely to keep society functioning smoothly.

지금빈칸-40기출
Biological organisms, including human societies both with and without market systems, discount distant outputs over those available at the present time based on risks associated with an uncertain future. As the timing of inputs and outputs varies greatly depending on the type of energy, there is a strong case to incorporate time when assessing energy alternatives. For example, the energy output from solar panels or wind power engines, where most investment happens before they begin producing, may need to be assessed differently when compared to most fossil fuel extraction technologies, where a large proportion of the energy output comes much sooner, and a larger (relative) proportion of inputs is applied during the extraction process, and not upfront. Thus fossil fuels, particularly oil and natural gas, in addition to having energy quality advantages (cost, storability, transportability, etc) over many renewable technologies, also have a "temporal advantage" after accounting for human behavioral preference for current consumption/return.

evh-4RM1
"When you travel abroad and need a place to spend a night, would you prefer a comfortable room on a busy city street or a place that is a bit uncomfortable but unique and special? Check out the following accommodations that will give you a memorable experience."

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When you visit Mongolia, a ger is a place worth sleeping in. It is a portable round house used by the people of Mongolia who had to move from place to place in search of water, food, and grass for their animals. Hustai Ger, located in Hustai National Park, is equipped with modern showers, restrooms, and restaurants for comfort. It provides visitors with a rare chance to explore the natural beauty of the park.

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Ever dreamed of sleeping in an ice house? Try Icehotel in northern Sweden. It is a place made of ice where you can spend a night surrounded by walls of ice from the nearby Torne River. It is open only for six months from November to April, for obvious reasons. One great thing is that rooms are newly designed and built every year from the new ice of the river, which provides guests with unique, unforgettable memories.

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If spending a night in a tree house is on your wish list, visit Ariau Towers and your dream will come true. Set high above the Ariau Creek deep in the Amazon, it provides guests with a direct view of the Amazon rainforest from six towers linked by miles of wooden paths over the forest. Guests can enjoy some peace and quiet in the swimming pool built on tree tops or participate in tours such as a jungle walk, boat fishing, and a visit to traditional houses.

지금빈칸-30A
With the industrial society evolving into an information-based society, the concept of information as a product, a commodity with its own value, has emerged. As a consequence, those people, organizations, and countries that possess the highest-quality information are likely to prosper economically, socially, and politically. Investigations into the economics of information encompass a variety of categories including the costs of information and information services; the effects of information on decision making; the savings from effective information acquisition; the effects of information on productivity; and the effects of specific agencies (such as corporate, technical, or medical libraries) on the productivity of organizations. Obviously many of these areas overlap, but it is clear that information has taken on a life of its own outside the medium in which it is contained. Information has become a recognized entity to be measured, evaluated, and priced.